I adore writing … mostly.
I find my “voice” through writing, in a way that’s beautiful, delicious, self-expression … except when it isn’t.
When it’s “right”, it’s pure exhilaration, it’s something approaching
orgasmic – erotic, as when “work becomes a conscious decision – a longed-for
bed which I enter gratefully, and from which I rise up empowered (Lorde, 1978).
It’s pure artistry which I, as a person for whom speech, though mostly
achievable, comes with the neurological energy demands of an
almost-though-not-quite-fluent second language, value hugely.
When it’s not “right”, however – when my thoughts desert me, when the
mists descend and I can’t see the words for the trees, or, more usually, when I
feel so pulled in multiple other directions across the expansive terrain of my
life that I lack the ability – or, the “air and light and time and space” to
immerse myself in the poetry of ideas, and the music of words, it’s torturous,
unfulfilling, unforgiving.
And I’d love to be able to increase the “right” – to make it more
trainable, more controllable, more malleable – less “wild stallion”, more … not
“dressage” exactly, but perhaps the powerful, enthusiastic, harnessed energy of
riding across country – reaching your destination, but also enjoying the ride.
The trouble is that I’ve never been good at being “taught” to write.
It’s just been something that I “do”, and every time anyone has attempted to
teach me, or I’ve searched books for ideas on “how to” train this aspect of me,
the end has been hot, angry frustration as I attempt to (or feel pressured
into) twisting my reluctant, stubborn brain into the mental gymnastics required
for me to think, and work, like someone else.
There is one exception to this that I remember clearly – one of my
junior school teachers used to set a weekly writing exercise, whereby he gave
out a topic or title on the Monday of each week, and on the Friday morning we
had to write a piece based on the topic. This was just delightful – a chance to
indulge in playing with words, and making music using the melodies I acquired
through voracious reading, and a chance to excel at a personal passion. It was
also purely generative, as the odd suggestion over the shoulder led to an
improved lexical choice, or a grammatical or syntactical improvement – clearer
communication and sharper expression of my ideas. However, with this exception,
all other experiences of education on writing have resulted in nothing but
frustration, angst, brutality, and a host of murdered darlings.
I had reached the conclusion that my approach to writing is too
idiosyncratic, – more (uncontrollable, or at least, uncontrolled) magic than craft
– and too sporadic and reliant upon the capricious will of my own mind to be
susceptible to aid and structured improvement.
Then recently, I discovered this book.
Helen Sword has produced exactly the guide to academic writing that I needed.
And she has done this by not really providing a “guide” at all – but
rather an empirical study of the writing habits of academics across
disciplines, and around the world.
Taking its title from the poem by Charles Bukowski, the book speaks to
the image of a suffering-yet-productive artist, as a model relating to
academics, and asserts that there is no point in waiting for a perfect space in
which to create – as creativity will emerge in the most trying of physical,
personal, and social circumstances (not sure quite what Virginia Woolf would
make to this? But then, who’s afraid of Virginia Woolf?).
The central thesis of the book is the development of a “BASE” model,
which Sword uses to articulate the tools necessary to build your own personal,
virtual “House of Writing”. BASE encompasses the following 4 areas of focus:
B – Behavioural Habits
A – Artisanal Habits
S – Social Habits
E – Emotional Habits
These are explored in their own chapters, by reference to a considerable
empirical study on which the book is based (see what I did there?) The
empirical work is outlined in detail in the introductory chapter (itself a
beautiful meta-model of how to write about methods in a way that is accurate,
clear, and engaging). Sword explains how she undertook two forms of data collection,
with a view to demonstrating the contrasts between two different, clearly
demarcated categories of academic writer – (1) “Exemplary academic writers”
chosen by Sword, and interviewed in-depth, and on-the-record, and (2)
“Lesser-known academics from underrepresented cultural, ethnic, and gender
minorities who have survived, and even thrived, in academe” who had signed up
for, and attended Sword’s writing workshops, and were asked to complete an
anonymous questionnaire (n = 1223: faculty members, PhD students, postdoctoral
researchers, and independent scholars).
Sword explains that she had assumed she’d be able to make authoritative
claims based on her data, about the writing habits of successful writers, and
how these compared and contrasted with those of less confident writers, who
identified themselves as in need of support (and therefore signed up for a
writing workshop); as well as being able to draw conclusions about the
different writing practices of, for e.g. different genders, different geographical/cultural
demographics, different academic disciplines. She quickly found, however, that
rather than identifying such patterns in the writing practices of her
respondents, she was “struck by the richness of their difference”, in a way
that is highlighted acutely in this account:
“The futility of such scholarly typecasting struck me with particular force on the day I interviewed two colleagues who work in the same discipline and had recently been awarded the same prestigious research prize by the professional society to which the both belonged…they matched each other as closely as any other two academics in my interview cohort. Yet their personal affects and attitudes towards writing could hardly be more different. One was self-confident, the other self-effacing; one was earnest, the other ironic; one clearly loved to write but spoke mostly about the agonies of writing, while the other clearly struggled to write but spoke mostly about its pleasures.” (Sword, 2017: 3)
Rather than shoehorn her data into an awkward “how-to” of academic
writing practices. Sword therefore presents a wide-ranging discussion on the
numerous, often resourceful, sometimes dispirited and stodgy treacle-wading
ways in which academics at all levels, in all areas of academe negotiate and
engage with the affordances and contingencies of writing within (and often in
spite of) academic and personal lives.
I found this book a joy to read. It was so heartening to feel that I
wasn’t alone – and that it isn’t only other PhD students, but writers of all levels
of experience, at all stages in their careers, who experience many of the same
highs and lows that I do, and who deal with their own successes and adversities
in a huge range of ways. It was fabulous to have it affirmed that there is not
necessarily a black/white, right/wrong dichotomy in writing practice, but
rather that writing, as a craft, is best undertaken in whatever seem to be the
best ways that suit the circumstances in which the writer finds herself.
At times, I found myself encountering a familiar sensation that some of my own (dis)abilities, and encounters of adversity and oppression (particularly as an autistic, disabled writer) were missing from the accounts in this book: an omission that was particularly noticeable, given the focus built into the book’s methodological approach, on the experiences of writers from other minority groups. This was disappointing in terms of Sword’s (self-identified) aims of representation of diversity, but it didn’t necessarily impede my engagement with, and enjoyment of the book, because I also got a huge amount from the areas and experiences that were covered. I feel that this is simply an argument for more, pluralistic, discussion of the craft of academic writing – discussion that is rooted in, that takes as its starting point, and that engages analytically with, empirical accounts of practice. Writing is so often portrayed as a mysterious, secretive, veiled practice – or as a “talent” that you either have, or you don’t. This book really lifts the lid on this practice. It won’t provide you with a “House of Writing”, but it will begin to provide you with the tools to find the “air and light and time and space” with which to build your own.
I would recommend this book to anyone who,
like me, finds their “voice” through (academic) writing.